Accuracy checks
By Kulasekhar Mittapalli · Updated
At a glance
What: dates, tithi and nakshatra times, sunrise, Rahu Kalam, puja windows, parana.
Checked by: automated comparison with the references on this page.
Means: we apply the same conventions as the references; it is not an independent audit of every city and date.
What: stories, how to celebrate, slokas and their meanings, naivedyam.
Checked by: our acharya (priest); where traditions differ, we say so.
Means: customs vary by family and region. Confirm with your priest.
Every row is listed below so you can check it yourself. Found a difference? Email globalpanchang@gmail.com with the city and date.
The astronomy underneath. Sunrise and sunset use the NOAA (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) solar formulas with the traditional panchang convention: sunrise is the moment the centre of the Sun's disc is seen on the horizon (refraction included), the convention used in priests' printed panchangams. This is 2â3 minutes after the newspaper (upper-edge) sunrise. The astronomical sunrise, or the centre without refraction, can be chosen in Settings. Sun, Moon and planet positions come from Astronomy Engine, an open-source library built on the VSOP87 planetary model and NOVAS C 3.1, and tested against NASA JPL Horizons to within 1 arcminute (one sixtieth of a degree). Everything is worked out from these positions for your own city: drik ganita, the observed sky, not a fixed table.
Global Panchang calculates everything itself (see How we calculate). To catch mistakes, we compare its output with leading published panchangams for the same cities. This is reference validation: agreement shows we apply the same conventions, not that either source is "the" truth.
191 of 191 checks match (2026 dates; every row below). Dates must match exactly; times must be within the tolerance shown. The sample covers the cities where reference data was available: New York, Delhi, Berlin and Lancaster (California), with rules then applied identically everywhere.
Summary
| Check | Cities | Result | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ekadashi | New York, Delhi | 38 / 38 | Leading published panchangams |
| Sankashti Chaturthi | New York, Delhi | 26 / 26 | Leading published panchangams |
| Pradosham | New York | 23 / 23 | Leading published panchangams |
| Masik Shivaratri | New York (East NY) | 12 / 12 | Leading published panchangams |
| Purnima / Amavasya | New York | 7 / 7 | Leading published panchangams |
| Festivals | Delhi, New York, Lancaster, CA | 38 / 38 | Leading published panchangams (incl. regional calendars) |
| Puja windows | New York | 4 / 4 (within 2 min) | Leading published panchangams |
| Parana | New York, Berlin | 3 / 3 (within 2 min) | Published Vaishnava (ISKCON) and Smarta lists |
| Yoga, karana, Moon sign | Delhi, Berlin | 11 / 11 (within 2 min) | Leading published panchangams |
| Sankranti | India (IST) | 5 / 5 (within 1 min) | Leading published panchangams |
| Rahu Kalam (sunrise & sunset) | Minneapolis | 8 / 8 (start and end within 1 min) | A priest's printed 2026 panchangam |
| Tithi times | Delhi | 14 / 14 (within 2 min) | Leading published panchangams |
| Nakshatra times | New York | 2 / 2 (within 2 min) | Leading published panchangams |
Rahu Kalam: Minneapolis, 2026
Rahu Kalam depends only on local sunrise and sunset, so it is the clearest test of the sunrise convention. Reference: a priest's printed 2026 panchangam for Minneapolis.
| Date | Printed panchangam | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thu, Jan 1 | 13:23â14:29 | 13:22â14:28 | â |
| Sun, Feb 1 | 16:06â17:20 | 16:06â17:19 | â |
| Sun, Mar 1 | 16:36â17:59 | 16:35â17:58 | â |
| Sun, Apr 12 | 18:13â19:53 | 18:13â19:53 | â |
| Sun, Jun 14 | 19:03â20:59 | 19:02â20:59 | â |
| Sun, Aug 9 | 18:40â20:27 | 18:40â20:27 | â |
| Sun, Oct 4 | 17:20â18:47 | 17:20â18:46 | â |
| Sun, Dec 13 | 15:24â16:30 | 15:24â16:29 | â |
Ekadashi
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Shattila Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jan 14 | Jan 14 | â |
| New York | Jaya Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jan 28 | Jan 28 | â |
| New York | Jaya Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | Jan 29 | Jan 29 | â |
| New York | Vijaya Ekadashi (Smarta) | Feb 12 | Feb 12 | â |
| New York | Amalaki Ekadashi (Smarta) | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | â |
| New York | Papamochani Ekadashi (Smarta) | Mar 14 | Mar 14 | â |
| New York | Kamada Ekadashi (Smarta) | Mar 28 | Mar 28 | â |
| New York | Varuthini Ekadashi (Smarta) | Apr 13 | Apr 13 | â |
| New York | Mohini Ekadashi (Smarta) | Apr 27 | Apr 27 | â |
| New York | Apara Ekadashi (Smarta) | May 12 | May 12 | â |
| New York | Apara Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | May 13 | May 13 | â |
| New York | Padmini Ekadashi (Smarta) | May 26 | May 26 | â |
| New York | Parama Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jun 11 | Jun 11 | â |
| New York | Nirjala Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jun 25 | Jun 25 | â |
| New York | Yogini Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jul 10 | Jul 10 | â |
| New York | Devshayani Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jul 24 | Jul 24 | â |
| New York | Kamika Ekadashi (Smarta) | Aug 8 | Aug 8 | â |
| New York | Shravana Putrada Ekadashi (Smarta) | Aug 23 | Aug 23 | â |
| New York | Aja Ekadashi (Smarta) | Sep 6 | Sep 6 | â |
| New York | Aja Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | Sep 7 | Sep 7 | â |
| New York | Parsva Ekadashi (Smarta) | Sep 22 | Sep 22 | â |
| New York | Indira Ekadashi (Smarta) | Oct 6 | Oct 6 | â |
| New York | Papankusha Ekadashi (Smarta) | Oct 21 | Oct 21 | â |
| New York | Rama Ekadashi (Smarta) | Nov 4 | Nov 4 | â |
| New York | Devutthana Ekadashi (Smarta) | Nov 20 | Nov 20 | â |
| New York | Utpanna Ekadashi (Smarta) | Dec 4 | Dec 4 | â |
| New York | Mokshada Ekadashi (Smarta) | Dec 19 | Dec 19 | â |
| New York | Mokshada Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | Dec 20 | Dec 20 | â |
| Delhi | Papamochani Ekadashi (Smarta) | Mar 15 | Mar 15 | â |
| Delhi | Mohini Ekadashi (Smarta) | Apr 27 | Apr 27 | â |
| Delhi | Padmini Ekadashi (Smarta) | May 27 | May 27 | â |
| Delhi | Nirjala Ekadashi (Smarta) | Jun 25 | Jun 25 | â |
| Delhi | Kamika Ekadashi (Smarta) | Aug 9 | Aug 9 | â |
| Delhi | Shravana Putrada Ekadashi (Smarta) | Aug 23 | Aug 23 | â |
| Delhi | Shravana Putrada Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | Aug 24 | Aug 24 | â |
| Delhi | Rama Ekadashi (Smarta) | Nov 5 | Nov 5 | â |
| Delhi | Devutthana Ekadashi (Smarta) | Nov 20 | Nov 20 | â |
| Delhi | Devutthana Ekadashi (Vaishnava / Gauna) | Nov 21 | Nov 21 | â |
Sankashti Chaturthi
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jan 6 | Jan 6 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Feb 4 | Feb 4 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Mar 6 | Mar 6 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | May 4 | May 4 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jun 3 | Jun 3 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jul 3 | Jul 3 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Aug 1 | Aug 1 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Aug 31 | Aug 31 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Sep 29 | Sep 29 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Oct 28 | Oct 28 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Nov 27 | Nov 27 | â |
| New York | Sankashti Chaturthi | Dec 26 | Dec 26 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jan 6 | Jan 6 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Feb 5 | Feb 5 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Mar 6 | Mar 6 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | May 5 | May 5 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jun 3 | Jun 3 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Jul 3 | Jul 3 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Aug 2 | Aug 2 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Aug 31 | Aug 31 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Sep 29 | Sep 29 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Oct 29 | Oct 29 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Nov 27 | Nov 27 | â |
| Delhi | Sankashti Chaturthi | Dec 26 | Dec 26 | â |
Pradosham
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Pradosham | Jan 15 | Jan 15 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Jan 30 | Jan 30 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Feb 14 | Feb 14 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Feb 28 | Feb 28 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Mar 16 | Mar 16 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Mar 30 | Mar 30 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Apr 14 | Apr 14 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | May 14 | May 14 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | May 28 | May 28 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Jun 12 | Jun 12 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Jun 26 | Jun 26 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Jul 11 | Jul 11 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Jul 26 | Jul 26 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Aug 10 | Aug 10 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Aug 25 | Aug 25 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Sep 8 | Sep 8 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Sep 23 | Sep 23 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Oct 7 | Oct 7 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Nov 6 | Nov 6 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Nov 21 | Nov 21 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Dec 5 | Dec 5 | â |
| New York | Pradosham | Dec 21 | Dec 21 | â |
Masik Shivaratri
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Jan 16 | Jan 16 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Feb 15 | Feb 15 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Mar 16 | Mar 16 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Apr 15 | Apr 15 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | May 14 | May 14 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Jun 13 | Jun 13 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Jul 12 | Jul 12 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Aug 10 | Aug 10 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Sep 9 | Sep 9 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Oct 8 | Oct 8 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Nov 7 | Nov 7 | â |
| New York (East NY) | Masik Shivaratri | Dec 6 | Dec 6 | â |
Purnima / Amavasya
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | May 1 | May 1 | â |
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | Jun 29 | Jun 29 | â |
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | Jul 29 | Jul 29 | â |
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | Aug 27 | Aug 27 | â |
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | Sep 26 | Sep 26 | â |
| New York | Purnima (festival day) | Nov 24 | Nov 24 | â |
| New York | Amavasya | Sep 10 | Sep 10 | â |
Festivals
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delhi | Makar Sankranti | Jan 14 | Jan 14 | â |
| Delhi | Vasant Panchami | Jan 23 | Jan 23 | â |
| Delhi | Thaipusam | Feb 1 | Feb 1 | â |
| Delhi | Maha Shivaratri | Feb 15 | Feb 15 | â |
| Delhi | Ugadi | Mar 19 | Mar 19 | â |
| Delhi | Rama Navami | Mar 26 | Mar 26 | â |
| Delhi | Hanuman Jayanti | Apr 2 | Apr 2 | â |
| Delhi | Puthandu | Apr 14 | Apr 14 | â |
| Delhi | Akshaya Tritiya | Apr 19 | Apr 19 | â |
| Delhi | Guru Purnima | Jul 29 | Jul 29 | â |
| Delhi | Raksha Bandhan | Aug 28 | Aug 28 | â |
| Delhi | Varalakshmi Vratam | Aug 28 | Aug 28 | â |
| Delhi | Janmashtami | Sep 4 | Sep 4 | â |
| Delhi | Ganesh Chaturthi | Sep 14 | Sep 14 | â |
| Delhi | Navaratri | Oct 11 | Oct 11 | â |
| Delhi | Vijayadashami | Oct 20 | Oct 20 | â |
| Delhi | Diwali | Nov 8 | Nov 8 | â |
| Delhi | Karthigai Deepam | Nov 24 | Nov 24 | â |
| Delhi | Aadi Perukku | Aug 3 | Aug 3 | â |
| Delhi | Aadi Amavasai | Aug 12 | Aug 12 | â |
| Delhi | Panguni Uthiram | Apr 1 | Apr 1 | â |
| New York | Maha Shivaratri | Feb 15 | Feb 15 | â |
| New York | Guru Purnima | Jul 29 | Jul 29 | â |
| New York | Ganesh Chaturthi | Sep 14 | Sep 14 | â |
| New York | Karva Chauth | Oct 28 | Oct 28 | â |
| New York | Dhanteras | Nov 6 | Nov 6 | â |
| New York | Diwali | Nov 8 | Nov 8 | â |
| New York | Govardhan Puja | Nov 9 | Nov 9 | â |
| New York | Bhai Dooj | Nov 10 | Nov 10 | â |
| New York | Karthika Pournami | Nov 24 | Nov 24 | â |
| New York | Aadi Perukku | Aug 2 | Aug 2 | â |
| New York | Aadi Amavasai | Aug 11 | Aug 11 | â |
| New York | Panguni Uthiram | Mar 31 | Mar 31 | â |
| New York | Varalakshmi Vratam | Aug 21 | Aug 21 | â |
| New York | Naraka Chaturdashi | Nov 7 | Nov 7 | â |
| New York | Thaipusam | Feb 1 | Feb 1 | â |
| Lancaster, CA | Rama Navami | Mar 26 | Mar 26 | â |
| Lancaster, CA | Karthigai Deepam | Nov 23 | Nov 23 | â |
Puja windows
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Diwali Pradosh kaal start | 4:44 PM | 4:44 PM | â |
| New York | Diwali Pradosh kaal end | 7:31 PM | 7:30 PM | â |
| New York | Ganesh Chaturthi madhyahna start | 11:36 AM | 11:36 AM | â |
| New York | Ganesh Chaturthi madhyahna end | 2:06 PM | 2:06 PM | â |
Parana
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Papankusha parana (open-ended) begins | 11:14 AM | 11:16 AM | â |
| Berlin | Indira parana start | 7:18 AM | 7:18 AM | â |
| Berlin | Indira parana end | 9:32 AM | 9:32 AM | â |
Yoga, karana, Moon sign
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delhi | Yoga, Oct 13 | Priti until 8:24 PM | Priti until 8:24 PM | â |
| Delhi | Karana, Oct 13 (1st) | Taitila until 10:46 AM | Taitila until 10:47 AM | â |
| Delhi | Karana, Oct 13 (2nd) | Garaja until 11:27 PM | Garaja until 11:28 PM | â |
| Delhi | Moon sign, Oct 13 | Tula until 7:12 PM | Tula until 7:12 PM | â |
| Delhi | Yoga, Oct 25 | Harshana until 5:22 PM | Harshana until 5:22 PM | â |
| Delhi | Karana, Oct 25 (1st) | Vanija until 11:55 AM | Vanija until 11:57 AM | â |
| Delhi | Karana, Oct 25 (2nd) | Vishti until 10:52 PM | Vishti until 10:53 PM | â |
| Delhi | Moon sign, Oct 25 | Meena until 7:22 PM | Meena until 7:22 PM | â |
| Berlin | Yoga, Sep 30 | Vajra until 8:50 PM | Vajra until 8:51 PM | â |
| Berlin | Karana, Sep 30 (1st) | Balava until 11:25 AM | Balava until 11:26 AM | â |
| Berlin | Karana, Sep 30 (2nd) | Kaulava until 10:15 PM | Kaulava until 10:16 PM | â |
Sankranti
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India (IST) | Kanya Sankranti moment | 7:58 AM | 7:58 AM | â |
| India (IST) | Tula Sankranti moment | 7:57 PM | 7:57 PM | â |
| India (IST) | Mesha Sankranti moment | 9:38 AM | 9:39 AM | â |
| India (IST) | Makara Sankranti moment | 3:13 PM | 3:13 PM | â |
| India (IST) | Dhanu Sankranti moment | 10:29 AM | 10:30 AM | â |
Tithi times
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Jan 13) | 3:17 PM | 3:19 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Jan 14) | 5:52 PM | 5:53 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Jan 28) | 4:35 PM | 4:37 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Jan 29) | 1:55 PM | 1:56 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Feb 12) | 12:22 PM | 12:23 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Feb 13) | 2:25 PM | 2:27 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Mar 14) | 8:10 AM | 8:12 AM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Mar 15) | 9:16 AM | 9:17 AM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Apr 13) | 1:16 AM | 1:18 AM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Apr 14) | 1:08 AM | 1:09 AM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Jun 24) | 6:12 PM | 6:13 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Jun 25) | 8:09 PM | 8:10 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi begins (Sep 06) | 7:29 PM | 7:30 PM | â |
| Delhi | Ekadashi tithi ends (Sep 07) | 5:03 PM | 5:05 PM | â |
Nakshatra times
| City | Item | Reference | Global Panchang | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Krittika ends, Nov 24 | 12:55 PM | 12:55 PM | â |
| New York | Rohini ends, Nov 25 | 10:07 AM | 10:06 AM | â |
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Found a date that differs from your panchangam or temple? Different traditions sometimes observe a day apart; if it's not that, please tell us. For general information only; it may contain errors and is not religious, astrological or medical advice. Always confirm important dates and muhurtams with your priest or temple. See the disclaimer and terms.
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